Nicholas II refused to approve of the army uniform until he tried it on himself.

Uniforms are a key aspect of any professional military. They not only serve to distinguish the troops of one army from those of another, but consist of the clothing and equipment in which the soldiers will live and work.

In 1909, the Russian Minister of War, Vladimir Aleksandrovich Sukhomlinov, was developing the new standard infantry clothing and equipment, when Nicholas was presented with the equipment and uniform, he was not convinced.

As leader of the army, Tsar Nicholas II was not content to hand out new equipment to his soldiers on the word of a minister. Rather, he wanted to make sure his men were properly equipped by trying it out for himself.

The Tsar only told Alexander Alexandrovich Mossolov, Minister of the Court and Commander of the Palace, of his plan. Mossolov had the equipment of a random soldier camping near Livadia, whose regiment was testing the new equipment, brought to the palace. As a result, the uniform was not made to order and the equipment was not hand-selected for the Tsar. He would test the equipment exactly as it would be issued to a new soldier.

After donning his uniform, rifle, bag, and cartridges, Tsar Nicholas also took out a day's supply of bread and water and set off.

Marching alone, he traveled 20 kilometers (12.42 miles) on a random route and returned to the palace. The round trip of 40 kilometers was the total length of a forced march.

The Tsar's march took between eight and nine hours, including breaks to rest.

Upon his return in the evening, he was thoroughly examined and found to have no blisters or abrasions on his body, he also found that the new military boots were quite comfortable and he had no pain in his feet.

The new uniform and equipment had been approved by Nicholas II, who was not only a Tsar, but also a soldier and spiritual father of Holy Russia.

The next day he signed the approval of it.

Queen Victoria

Alexandrina Victoria was born on May 24, 1819 and died on January 22, 1901.

She was queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from June 20, 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign lasted 63 years and seven months.

Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (the fourth son of King George III) and Princess Victoria of Sa

xe-Coburg-Saalfeld.

Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840 and their children married into royal families from across the continent, for which Victoria was given the nickname "Grandmother of Europe" and spread hemophilia among European royalty. After Albert's death in 1861, she Victoria fell into deep mourning, utter sadness, and avoided public appearances.

She was the last British monarch from the House of Hanover.

Her 23rd favorite granddaughter was Princess Alix of Hesse and of the Rhine, Alexandra Feodorovna, was the last empress of Russia.

The beautiful Alix was the daughter of Princess Alice of the United Kingdom and Louis IV of Hesse-Darmstadt.

The children born to the royal couple Nicholas II and Tsarina Alexandra were the great-grandchildren of Queen Victoria.

Natalya met Grand Duke Mikhail Aleksandrovich.

En el otoño de 1908, en Krasnoe Selo, Natalya conoció al gran duque Mikhail Aleksandrovich.

"No le importa tu dolor ni nuestro dolor", escribió Nicolás II a suSu madre, la emperatriz viuda María Fiódorovna, por supuesto se oponía a la relación de su hermano con Natalya.

En 1904, Nicolás nombró a Miguel "gobernante del Estado", regente, bajo las órdenes del menor Alexey Nikolaevich. Miguel debía haberse casado con alguna princesa alemana.

Natalya quedó embarazada del Gran Duque, y Mikhail convenció al emperador Nicolás II para que le concediera el divorcio, ya que ella estaba casada, para que el niño no fuera hijo legítimo del teniente. Fue exiliada para dar a luz en el extranjero, y Misha fue enviada a Oryol para comandar un regimiento de húsares.

El 6 de agosto de 1910 dio a luz a un hijo, George . Fue registrado como Brasov, en honor al nombre de la finca de Mikhail en la actual región de Bryansk.

En octubre de 1912, tras huir de sus perseguidores en coche hasta Viena, la pareja contrajo matrimonio en una iglesia ortodoxa serbia. Mikhail era un idealista y deseaba que Natalia se convirtiera en una mujer honrada y formara una familia con su pequeño hijo. El justiciero del templo y su esposa fueron testigos de la boda.

A la pareja se le prohibió la entrada a Rusia. A Mikhail se le despojó del título de "gobernante del estado" y todas sus propiedades en su país natal fueron puestas bajo custodia.

La gran guerra cambió la situación. Mikhail, que se ofreció voluntario para luchar, y el pequeño George recibieron de Nicolás II el título de conde de Brasov, y Natalia, solo el derecho a llevar ese apellido.

Nadie recuerda que el nuevo emperador tenía una esposa morganática con un hijo de su primer matrimonio. Al fin y al cabo, Pedro el Grande hizo coronar a Marta Samuilovna Skavronskaya , fruto de su primer matrimonio con Kruse, por la emperatriz rusa, y todos se beneficiaron de ello. Esto ocurre en momentos terribles de la historia.

Nadie recuerda que el nuevo emperador tenía una esposa morganática con un hijo de su primer matrimonio. Al fin y al cabo, Pedro el Grande hizo coronar a Marta Samuilovna Skavronskaya, fruto de su primer matrimonio con Kruse, por la emperatriz rusa, y todos se beneficiaron de ello. Esto ocurre en momentos terribles de la historia.

3 de marzo de 1917. Mikhail informa sobre el "rechazo del poder supremo": no renuncia a sus derechos al trono, pero la cuestión de la forma de gobierno en Rusia debería ser decidida por la Asamblea Constituyente nacional, en algún momento dentro de seis meses. Un idealista, como ya se ha dicho.

3 de marzo de 1917. Mikhail informa sobre el "rechazo del poder supremo": no renuncia a sus derechos al trono, pero la cuestión de la forma de gobierno en Rusia debe ser decidida por la Asamblea Nacional Constituyente, en algún momento de seis meses. Un idealista, como se ha dicho. Marzo de 1918. Los bolcheviques expulsan a Mikhail a Perm. El ex príncipe lleva consigo una secretaria y un Rolls-Royce , pero casi a la fuerza deja a Natalya y a los niños en Gatchina. Natalya transporta a George a Dinamarca disfrazado de hijo de su institutriz.

El 12 de junio, Mikhail fue sacado clandestinamente de la ciudad y llevado al bosque. Oficialmente, es un fugitivo. La intrépida Natalya irrumpe en la oficina del presidente de la Cheka , Solomon Uritsky , en Petrogrado y exige una explicación.

Mayo de 1919. Natalya lleva casi un año en prisión. Simula estar en un hospital, desde donde escapa con la ayuda de su hija. *** Disfrazadas de monjas de la Cruz Roja y con documentos falsos, llegan a Odessa y abandonan Rusia. ****

Desde ese momento, el pequeño Gran Duque Jorge Mijáilovich Romanov se convierte en Zarévich en el exilio hasta su repentina muerte en Francia a los 21 años en un trágico accidente.

En 1928, su abuela, la emperatriz María, falleció en el exilio y él heredó su patrimonio junto con sus tías, las grandes duquesas Olga y Xenia. Con parte de la herencia compró un Chrysler deportivo y, en el verano de 1931, tras finalizar sus solicitudes en la Sorbona , planeó unas vacaciones en el sur de Francia con su amigo, el holandés Edgar Moneanaar, prometiéndole a su madre que regresaría para su vigésimo primer cumpleaños. El 20 de julio, de camino de París a Cannes, cerca de Sens, el coche se salió de la carretera y se estrelló contra un árbol. Moneanaar, que conducía el vehículo, falleció, y Jorge, con fracturas en los muslos y graves lesiones internas, fue trasladado a un hospital. Su madre pudo llegar al hospital, pero a las 11:30 de la mañana del día siguiente, Jorge murió sin haber recuperado la conciencia.

Fue enterrado en el cementerio de Passy, ​​en París. Su madre murió pobre de cáncer en 1952 y fue enterrada junto a él.

La inscripción en la tumba dice Fils et Epouse de SAI Grand Duc Michel de Russie.

Su derecho de sucesión al trono imperial, negado, podía ser cuestionado, ya que el zar Nicolás II perdonó a su padre en 1917 cuando este le pidió que asumiera el trono del Imperio ruso y restituyera su posición de sucesión. El gran duque Jorge Mijáilovich fue el último descendiente varón del zar Alejandro III.

Tsesarevich Alexey Nikolaevich Romanov , in memories

 “Thanks to his extraordinary simplicity and cordiality in his speech, Alexei Nikolayevich attracted all hearts both with his external and spiritual beauty, with his clear open look, his determination in everything, his pleasant and sonorous voice, which he evoked in everyone who saw him, a feeling of deep sympathy. The Lord endowed the child with wonderful natural qualities: a strong and quick mind, wit, a kind and compassionate heart, charming simplicity among kings,”

Wrote Protopresbyter of the Russian army and navy Georgy Shchavelsky. .

Prayer for a miracle

 The royal couple Tsar Nicholas II and Empress Alexandra attended the glorification of Seraphim of Sarov on July 18, 1903 in Sarov; where the Emperor and Empress prayed for the granting of an heir.

The boy was born on August 12, 1904.

At birth, he was named Alexei, after Saint Alexis of Moscow. Baptized in the church of the Great Peterhof Palace on August 11, 1904 by the confessor of the imperial family, Proto-Presbyter John Yanyshev.

Holy Russia had the grace of God with the birth of the future Tsar of All Russias.

LOVELY BOY HEART

Even in these days of inflicting gross insults, the Tsesarevich did not change his compassion and love for these cruel people.

Once Tyegleva asked Alexei Nikolaevich: "If you are the Tsar, what will you do?"

The Tsarevich said: "No, I will not be Tsar." -

"And if you had to go against your will," Tyegleva repeated, how would you act?

He said, "I say I will not be a tsar. If I have to be, against my will, I will first of all fix up a big house where I will gather all the homeless children, and I will put you in charge of this house: I myself will come to you often."

So he thought the loving childish heart of him, that he did not remember the wickedness of his enemies, but thought of his pitiful orphans.

From the book of Abbot Seraphim (Kuznetsov) "Orthodox Tsar Martyr"

The whole truth about Emperor Nicholas II and Russia during his reign:

http://for-tsar.rf/

Artist Vyacheslav Leshchev

First visit to Moscow of Tsesarevich Alexey Nikolaevich Romanov

 At the end of May 1912, together with his parents, he visited Moscow for the first time, in connection with the unveiling of a monument to his grandfather, Emperor Alexander III (destroyed in 1918).

On May 30, 1912, in the Kremlin, on the porch of the Majesty of him, presenting a specially painted Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God to the Heir, the Moscow provincial marshal of the nobility A.D. Samarin addressed the Tsesarevich Alexey with a speech:

“The Blessed Sovereign Heir. The nobility of Moscow rejoices from the heart to see you within the walls of the old Kremlin. You are visiting our capital for the first time.”

Livadia Palace , Crimea

 With Tsar Alexander II, the summer residence of the monarchs moved to Crimea, Livadia.

Maria Alexandrovna, the emperor's wife, became the first owner of Livadia, which was given to her in 1860 by her crowned husband: "As a gift to my beloved wife Empress Maria Alexandrovna".

Crimean historian and writer V. Kh. Kondaraki wrote of the new empress:

“Her Majesty constantly gives her an example of modesty and simplicity. In her outfits, in the full sense of the word, the holy mother never noticed anything clearly distinctive, nor expensive trinkets that visitors of the highest circle loved to show off at that time."

The memory of mother's "pink" passions in Darmstadt, mother-in-law Alexandra Feodorovna's love of roses, the entire floral entourage of the ballroom and official performances, as well as the most frequent public flower exhibitions in St. Petersburg , undoubtedly served to arouse the empress's interest in gardening and floriculture. In addition, the Imperial Russian Horticultural Society, founded in Saint Petersburg in 1858, run by professional gardeners and botanists under the patronage of the highest Russian aristocracy, contributed to the widespread passion for flowers in Russia. Empress Maria Alexandrovna and Empress Dowager Alexandra Feodorovna (a year before her death) became honorary members of the Society in 1859.

Creating a beautiful palace and park ensemble in Livadia, Maria Alexandrovna took the most direct part, giving advice to gardeners and sending plants. Her recommendations and wishes formed the basis of the landscape design of the royal residence.

In 1863, the first metal pergola appeared in the park, ordered in France for 12,000 francs with delivery, 400 varieties of roses also arrived for planting pergolas and flower beds. This pergola is still alive today. Neither perestroika, nor the war, nor the revolution destroyed it. It is over 150 years old and is a rare architectural structure and historical monument.

Rose cultivation in Livadia experienced ups and downs. Many roses died in frost between 1874 and 1875. Around 4,000 roses were grafted onto wild roses for restoration in greenhouses, but the death of Maria Alexandrovna in 1880 and then the death of Alexander II again stopped all work.

The next in time, Empress Maria Feodorovna, wife of Alexander III, who became Livadia's mistress, ordered the flower nurseries on the estate to be expanded so that she could supply cut flowers to royal residences in the capital all over. the country. year .

One of the greenhouses was completely dedicated to the distillation of roses. It was under her that Livadia became a rose industry. But Maria Feodorovna, who was widowed early, devoted herself to charitable and trustee activities, and the revolutionary events and the tragic fate of her family forced the Dowager Empress to leave Russia.

Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, wife of Emperor Nicholas II and the last empress of Russia, is known for her love of flowers. In England, where she lived with her grandmother, Queen Victoria, flowers surrounded her everywhere, she created such a world in Russia. In flowers, Alexandra Fedorovna especially appreciated aromas. Bouquets of lilacs, violets, roses, irises, rhododendrons were replaced in her living rooms (purple, green, maple, polysander) depending on the time of year.

Tradition

Emperor Nicholas II absorbed the Russian character of his father from childhood. and he continued the tradition of "historical" dances, it was a demonstration of ideological continuity.

The great masquerade ball held in the Winter Palace in 1903 was the last great ball of the Empire, remembered by contemporaries. Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich wrote in the Memoirs of him:

“On January 22, 1903, 'all' Petersburg danced in the Winter Palace. I remember exactly this date, as it was the last great court ball in the history of the empire.”

Let's clarify that there were great balls in the Winter Palace afterwards, but it was this ball that went down in history as "the last ball of the Empire".

Law of succession Imperial House of Romanov

 

The imperial succession law of the House of Romanov was established by Tsar Paul I in 1797 and is based on the Salic Law. It was ratified, respectively, in 1886 by Tsar Alexander III and in 1906 and 1911 by Tsar Nicholas II.

According to this law, the succession to the head of the Imperial House is by male primogeniture, passing to the female line only after the extinction of the male line.

The last Tsar was Nicholas II and the last Tsarevich of Russia was Alexey Nikolaevich as the future Tsar of the Empire.

With the disappearance of the family of Nicholas II, the legitimacy to become Sovereign of any applicant disappeared, however history and politics still have a debt, when and where did the imperial family of Nicholas II die if they were not executed in 1918.

GRAND DUCHESS MARIA NIKOLAEVNA ROMANOVA

 GRAND DUCHESS MARIA NIKOLAEVNA ROMANOVA

June 26, 1899

In March 1899, Empress Alexandra's pregnancy was extremely uncomfortable. The baby was in an awkward position that aggravated her sciatica; she once again spent most of the pregnancy in a bath chair.

On May 9, the family left Tsarskoye Selo and went to Peterhof to await the arrival of the new member of the family, who arrived mercifully quickly.

At 12:10 p.m. m. On June 26, 1899, another Grand Duchess Maria was born, weighing 4.5 kg.

Maria, so called in honor of her grandmother. Alejandra soon nursed her happily. Nicholas showed no obvious sign of despondency, his religious fatalism undoubtedly influencing her impassive reaction. "The Lord sent us a third daughter"; he was resigned. "I am so grateful that dear Alicky has recovered so well," wrote Queen Victoria, who could not ignore the serious dynastic problem that this entailed. "I know that an heir would be more welcome than a daughter."